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            <gco:CharacterString>Indicateurs de &#171; fragilit&#233;s potentielles &#187; des zones pavillonnaires post 1950</gco:CharacterString>
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        <gco:CharacterString>L&#8217;&#233;tude sur les zones pavillonnaires prioritaires visait &#224; rep&#233;rer les zones pavillonnaires &#171; les plus fragiles &#187; selon un certain nombre de crit&#232;res choisis pour repr&#233;senter diff&#233;rents domaines de fragilit&#233; potentielle que pourraient conna&#238;tre ces quartiers &#224; l&#8217;avenir : fragilisation &#233;conomique des m&#233;nages, vieillissement de la population, vieillissement et inefficience de l&#8217;habitat, valeur de l&#8217;immobilier, difficult&#233;s d&#8217;accessibilit&#233; g&#233;ographique aux emplois, aux commerces et aux services publiques ou priv&#233;s, surconsommation d&#8217;&#233;nergie, risques naturels&#8230;
Toutes les zones pavillonnaires ont &#233;t&#233; rep&#233;r&#233;es, d&#233;coup&#233;es et analys&#233;es selon le prisme g&#233;ographique des &#171; donn&#233;es carroy&#233;es &#187; de l&#8217;INSEE (2010), qui fournissent certaines donn&#233;es statistiques anonymis&#233;es par quartiers de 200m par 200m de c&#244;t&#233;, auxquelles nous avons ajout&#233; d&#8217;autres sources de donn&#233;es g&#233;olocalis&#233;es, calcul&#233;es ou &#233;valu&#233;es sur la m&#234;me superficie : immobilier, &#233;quipements, transports, consommation&#8230; Un carreau a &#233;t&#233; d&#233;fini comme &#171; pavillonnaire &#187; s&#8217;il comporte : plus de 50% de logement individuels et une densit&#233; sup&#233;rieure &#224; 250 habitants par km&#178; (afin de les diff&#233;rencier des habitats &#233;pars li&#233;s aux activit&#233;s agricoles).
Au total, 9 indicateurs ont &#233;t&#233; calcul&#233;s, et des seuils de &#171; quartiles les plus d&#233;favorables &#187; - parmi toutes les zones pavillonnaires de la r&#233;gion &#8211; ont &#233;t&#233; d&#233;termin&#233;s dans ces diff&#233;rentes s&#233;ries d&#8217;indicateurs. Seules les zones carroy&#233;es incluses dans ces quartiles d&#233;favorables ont &#233;t&#233; retenues comme &#171; potentiellement fragiles &#187; sur chacun des crit&#232;res analys&#233;s, &#224; la mani&#232;re des donn&#233;es sur les &#171; seuils de pauvret&#233; &#187;, par exemple. Un tel seuil &#171; au quartile &#187; reste assez arbitraire, mais vise &#224; mettre en &#233;vidence des zones pr&#233;sentant le plus de difficult&#233;s potentielles &#224; venir.
Ainsi, 9 &#171; crit&#232;res de fragilit&#233; potentielle &#187;, ont &#233;t&#233; construits, pour chaque &#171; carreau &#187; pavillonnaire de 200 par 200m, en se basant sur les donn&#233;es et seuils de quartiles d&#233;favorables (chiffres &#224; droite) suivants :
Crit&#232;re A = &#171; Economiquement d&#233;favorable &#187; = Taux de m&#233;nages &#224; bas revenus | seuil quartile &#8805; 20,00%
Crit&#232;re B = &#171; Vieillissant &#187; = Taux de plus de 75 ans | seuil quartile &#8805; &#224; 11,11 %
Crit&#232;re C = &#171; Eloign&#233; des grands &#233;quipements &#187; = Lyc&#233;e &#8805; &#224; 9,52 km + Supermarch&#233; &#8805;5,41 km + H&#244;pital &#8805;11,31 km (Croisement des quartiles les plus d&#233;favorables sur ces trois indicateurs)
Crit&#232;re D = &#171; Faible valeur immobili&#232;re &#187; = prix &#8804; 1434 &#8364; par m2
Crit&#232;re E = &#171; Monofonctionnalit&#233; &#187; = Zone pavillonnaire de plus de 40 hectares contig&#252;es (soit 10 carreaux)
Crit&#232;re F = &#171; Risque et nuisance &#187; = Zone pavillonnaire construite majoritairement sur une zone PPRT ou PPRI
Crit&#232;re G = &#171; Forte consommation &#233;nerg&#233;tique &#187; = indicateur combin&#233; d&#8217;&#233;nergie habitat et d&#233;placements estim&#233;e selon un mod&#232;le math&#233;matique d&#233;velopp&#233; par ELIOTH, avec le quartile le plus d&#233;favorable utilis&#233; comme seuil
Crit&#232;re H = &#171; Faible acc&#232;s aux transports &#187; = Aucun transports en commun dans un rayon de 400m
Crit&#232;re I = &#171; Absence de connectivit&#233; &#187; = Zone en dehors du d&#233;ploiement du tr&#232;s haut d&#233;bit</gco:CharacterString>
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